Standford B型主动脉夹层发展模型的双向流固耦合模拟分析
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1.厦门大学 机电工程系,福建 厦门 361100;2.南方医科大学南方医院 心血管外科,广东 广州 510515;3.厦门大学附属心血管病医院 心血管外科,福建 厦门 361004

作者简介:

林志鸿,厦门大学硕士研究生,主要从事主动脉夹层流体力学方面的研究。

基金项目:

福建省卫生教育联合攻关计划项目(WKJ2016-2-21)。


Two-way fluid-structure coupling simulation analysis of the progression model of Standford type B aortic dissection
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1.Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361100, China;2.Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China;3.Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, China

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    摘要:

    背景与目的 目前对主动脉夹层的发病机制及发展规律并未完全明确,但已有大量的研究表明血流动力学因素对主动脉夹层的产生与发展有着重要影响。本研究采用计算流体力学的方法研究无夹层及夹层发展不同时期血流动力学参数的变化规律,旨在从流体动力学的角度探究夹层的产生与发展规律。方法 根据B型主动脉夹层患者的主动脉尺寸数据,通过三维建模软件Pro/E构建出无夹层及夹层发展不同时期的理想化主动脉模型,利用Workbench平台完成双向流固耦合仿真,分析血流速度、压力、血管壁Von Mise应力等血流动力学参数的变化规律。结果 加速射血期内,有夹层存在时,血液的最大流速增加了0.6 m/s左右,同时假腔内的血液流动状态随着夹层的发展更加复杂;最大血液压力增加了0.3~0.6 kPa左右,同时升主动脉入口外侧壁的高血压区域也有所扩大;血管壁的最大Von Mise应力的峰值及波动性随着夹层的发展而增大,并且最大Von Mise应力主要位于夹层撕裂处、假腔侧壁与外壁等部位。结论 有夹层存在时,假腔压迫真腔,导致分支血管血流速度增大、升主动脉血液压力及高血压区域增大;靠近夹层撕裂处的涡流有可能导致血管壁进一步撕裂甚至破裂;血管壁进一步撕裂及破裂的风险随着夹层的发展而增大,并且应当重点预防血管壁在撕裂处、假腔侧壁与外壁等部位破裂。

    Abstract:

    Background and Aims The pathogenesis and development of aortic dissection are not fully understood at present. However, a lot of studies have shown that hemodynamic factors have an important influence on the occurrence and development of aortic dissection. This study was conducted to determine the changing pattern of the hemodynamic parameters in the aorta without dissection and with dissection of different development stages by computational fluid dynamics method, aiming to investigate the occurrence and development of dissection from the perspective of fluid dynamics.Methods Based on the aorta size data of a patient with type B aortic dissection, the idealized aortic models without dissection and with dissection in different development stages were constructed using 3D modeling software Pro/E. Two-way fluid-structure coupling simulation was completed by Workbench platform, and the changing pattern of the hemodynamic parameters such as blood velocity, pressure and Von Mise stress of vascular wall were analyzed.Results During the accelerated ejection period, the maximum blood velocity increased about 0.6 m/s with the presence of the dissection, and the blood flow condition in the false lumen became more complex with the development of the aortic dissection. The maximum blood pressure increased about 0.3-0.6 kPa, and the hypertensive area of the lateral wall of the ascending aorta entrance was also enlarged. The peak and fluctuation of the maximum Von Mise stress in the vascular wall were increased with the development of the aortic dissection, and the maximum Von Mise stress was mainly located in the laceration of the tear location, the lateral wall and the outer wall of the false lumen.Conclusion In the presence of aortic dissection, the false lumen compresses the true lumen, resulting in increased blood velocity of vascular branches and increased blood pressure and hypertension area of the ascending aorta. Vortex near the tear location may cause further tearing or even rupture the blood vessel. The risk of further tearing and rupture of the blood vessel increases with the development of the aortic dissection, and the prevention of rupture of the blood vessel at the tear location, lateral wall and the outer wall of the false lumen should be focused.

    图1 B型主动脉夹层患者CT图像Fig.1 CT images of a patient with type B aortic dissection
    图2 无夹层主动脉示意图 A:个性化模型;B:理想化模型;C:理想化模型尺寸示意图Fig.2 The schematic diagram of aorta without aortic dissection A: Patient-specific model; B: Ideal model; C:The size of idealized model
    图3 夹层发展不同阶段主动脉模型图 A:夹层初期;B:夹层中期;C:夹层末期;D:夹层第一破口位置及不同发展时期假腔大小对比示意图Fig.3 The aorta model in different development periods of aortic dissection A: Early stage; B: Middle stage; C: Late stage; D: The location of the first tear and the size of false lumen in different development periods
    图4 仿真边界条件的设置 A:边界名称及边界条件;B:V(t)波形图Fig.4 Setting of simulation boundary conditions A: Boundary names and conditions; B: Waveform of V(t)
    图5 仿真结果提取时刻示意图Fig.5 The exaction time of the simulation results
    图6 加速射血期(T1=0.04 s)过假腔入口对称截面血液速度流线图 A:无夹层;B:夹层初期;C:夹层中期;D:夹层末期Fig.6 Blood velocity streamline of the symmetrical section which across the entrance of the false lumen at accelerated ejection period (T1=0.04 s) A: No dissection stage; B: Early dissection stage; C: Middle dissection stage; D: Late dissection stage
    图7 加速射血期(T1=0.04 s)过假腔入口对称截面血液压力云图 A:无夹层;B:夹层初期;C:夹层中期;D:夹层末期Fig.7 Blood pressure nephogram of the symmetrical section which across the entrance of the false lumen at accelerated ejection period (T1=0.04 s) A: No dissection stage; B: Early dissection stage; C: Middle dissection stage; D: Late dissection stage
    图8 加速射血期(T1=0.04 s)血管壁Von Mise应力云图 A:无夹层;B:夹层初期;C:夹层中期;D:夹层末期Fig.8 The nephogram of Von Mise stress of blood vessel at accelerated ejection period (T1=0.04 s) A: No dissection stage; B: Early dissection stage; C: Middle dissection stage; D: Late dissection stage
    图9 夹层发展不同时期壁面最大Von Mise应力随时间的变化曲线Fig.9 The change curves of blood vessel maximum Von Mise stress with time in different development stages of aortic dissection
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林志鸿,王凌云,朱鹏,杨谦. Standford B型主动脉夹层发展模型的双向流固耦合模拟分析[J].中国普通外科杂志,2021,30(12):1468-1476.
DOI:10.7659/j. issn.1005-6947.2021.12.011

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  • 收稿日期:2021-02-22
  • 最后修改日期:2021-11-16
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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-01-07